Rupt\u00fara predn\u00e9ho skr\u00ed\u017een\u00e9ho v\u00e4zu (ACL) je jedno z naj\u010dastej\u0161\u00edch traumatick\u00fdch poranen\u00ed v oblasti kolenn\u00e9ho k\u013abu. V USA sa jedn\u00e1 a\u017e o 250 000 \u00farazov behom jedn\u00e9ho roka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Najnov\u0161ie \u0161t\u00fadie n\u00e1m ukazuj\u00fa, \u017ee rupt\u00fara ACL ve\u013emi \u00fazko s\u00favis\u00ed na\u0161ou genetikou a to a\u017e do 69 %. Pokia\u013e v\u00e1s zauj\u00edma ako je to mo\u017en\u00e9 a ako sa pok\u00fasi\u0165 tomuto zraneniu vyvarova\u0165, jednotliv\u00e9 riadky ni\u017e\u0161ie s\u00fa pr\u00e1ve pre v\u00e1s. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
ACL je jedn\u00fdm zo 4 hlavn\u00fdch v\u00e4zov, ktor\u00fd zabezpe\u010duje stabilitu kolenn\u00e9ho k\u013abu. V\u00e4z stabilizuje k\u013ab v predo-zadnom smere, \u010d\u00edm zabra\u0148uje posunu holennej kosti smerom vpred a z\u00e1rove\u0148 aj rot\u00e1ci\u00ed. Pri nadmernom nam\u00e1han\u00ed alebo n\u00e1hlych pohyboch, ako s\u00fa zmeny smeru, skoky alebo p\u00e1dy, m\u00f4\u017ee d\u00f4js\u0165 k natiahnutiu alebo a\u017e k \u00faplnej rupt\u00fare ACL.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Jedn\u00fdm z hlavn\u00fdch pr\u00edznakov ACL rupt\u00fary je pocit prudkej bolesti v oblasti kolena. M\u00f4\u017ee sa tie\u017e vyskytn\u00fa\u0165 pocit, \u017ee koleno „vypadlo” alebo „sa c\u00edti sa nestabilne”. Opuch kolena je \u010fal\u0161\u00edm be\u017en\u00fdm pr\u00edznakom, ktor\u00fd sa m\u00f4\u017ee vyskytn\u00fa\u0165 v d\u00f4sledku z\u00e1palu a krv\u00e1cania do k\u013abu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Po d\u00f4kladnom vy\u0161etren\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 zah\u0155\u0148a klinick\u00e9 testovanie spolu v kombin\u00e1ci\u00ed s MRI ( magnetickou rezonanciou) sa vyhodnot\u00ed, \u010di je potrebn\u00e1 oper\u00e1cia, alebo sa zvol\u00ed konzervat\u00edvna lie\u010dba. Samotn\u00fd postup z\u00e1vis\u00ed od viacer\u00fdch krit\u00e9ri\u00ed a je v kompetenci\u00ed lek\u00e1ra, fyzioterapeuta a v neposlednej rade samotn\u00e9ho pacienta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ako s\u00favis\u00ed samotn\u00e1 genetika s rupt\u00farou ACL? <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Ned\u00e1vne v\u00fdskumy sa zameriavaj\u00fa na identifik\u00e1ciu konkr\u00e9tnych g\u00e9nov, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 spojen\u00e9 s rizikom vzniku ACL rupt\u00fary. Niektor\u00e9 z t\u00fdchto g\u00e9nov s\u00fa zodpovedn\u00e9 za tvorbu kolag\u00e9nu, prote\u00ednu, ktor\u00fd je z\u00e1kladnou stavebnou jednotkou v\u00e4ziva. Mut\u00e1cie alebo variancie t\u00fdchto g\u00e9nov m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 vplyv na pevnos\u0165 a elasticitu kolag\u00e9nu, \u010do zvy\u0161uje pravdepodobnos\u0165 poranenia ACL.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Okrem genetiky existuje aj interakcia medzi genetick\u00fdmi faktormi a vonkaj\u0161\u00edmi vplyvmi, ako je fyzick\u00e1 aktivita a \u0161portov\u00e9 za\u0165a\u017eenie. Napr\u00edklad jednotlivec s genetickou predispoz\u00edciou na slab\u0161ie v\u00e4zivo m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 viac ohrozen\u00fd rupt\u00farou ACL, a to obzvl\u00e1s\u0165, ak sa venuje \u0161portom s vysok\u00fdm rizikom zranenia (napr. futbal).<\/p>\n\n\n\n D\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 je v\u0161ak zd\u00f4razni\u0165, \u017ee genetick\u00e9 faktory nie s\u00fa jedin\u00fdm d\u00f4vodom pre vznik rupt\u00fary ACL. Medzi \u010fal\u0161ie a ve\u013emi d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 faktory zara\u010fujeme samotn\u00fa silu svalov, stabiliz\u00e1ciu k\u013abu, v\u00fd\u0161ku za\u0165a\u017eenia, \u00fanavu, vonkaj\u0161ie faktory, \u010di predch\u00e1dzaj\u00face zranenia. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Samotn\u00e9 zranenie ACL je multifaktori\u00e1lne a bohu\u017eia\u013e, nevieme mu 100% predch\u00e1dza\u0165. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Na \u010do sa v\u0161ak m\u00e1 zmysel zamera\u0165, v r\u00e1mci prevencie rupt\u00fary ACL?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n 1. Silov\u00fd tr\u00e9ning- ten sa jav\u00ed ako najlep\u0161ia prevencia. Na\u0161im cie\u013eom by malo by\u0165 posilni\u0165 okolit\u00e9 svaly v oblasti kolenn\u00e9ho k\u013abu a to konkr\u00e9tne adduktory, abduktory, stehenn\u00e9 svaly, sedacie svaly, hamstringy, \u010di svaly stredu n\u00e1\u0161ho tela. Netreba v\u0161ak zab\u00fada\u0165 aj na rot\u00e1tory v oblasti bedrov\u00e9ho k\u013abu. Hamstringy s\u00fa d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e1 svalov\u00e1 skupina, ktorej by sme mali venova\u0165 pozornos\u0165, nako\u013eko s\u00fa synergisti- dopom\u00e1haj\u00fa ACL k stabiliz\u00e1ci\u00ed kolena.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 2. Plyometrick\u00fd tr\u00e9ning, \u010di tr\u00e9ning na zmenu smeru- d\u00f4le\u017eitou s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou je svoj tr\u00e9ning zamera\u0165 aj na zmeny smeru \u010di v\u00fdskoky pri r\u00f4znom za\u0165a\u017een\u00ed. Budujeme tak stabilitu, dynamiku a s\u00fa\u010dasne pripravujeme telo zvl\u00e1da\u0165 tieto situ\u00e1cie i v be\u017enom \u017eivote (napr. futbalisti pri z\u00e1pasoch).<\/p>\n\n\n\n 3. Postupn\u00e9 zvy\u0161ovanie z\u00e1\u0165a\u017ee- pokia\u013e ste nov\u00e1\u010dik, \u010di za\u010d\u00ednate s nejak\u00fdch \u0161portom, d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 je zvy\u0161ova\u0165 intenzitu a objem tr\u00e9ningu postupne. Umo\u017en\u00edte tak telu postupn\u00fa adapt\u00e1ciu na z\u00e1\u0165a\u017e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 4. Dbajte na regener\u00e1ciu a kvalitn\u00fd sp\u00e1nok- sp\u00e1nok a samotn\u00e1 regener\u00e1cia je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e1 prevencia pri ka\u017edom zranen\u00ed. Zo \u0161t\u00fadi\u00ed vypl\u00fdva, \u017ee samotn\u00e1 \u00fanava \u010di psychick\u00fd stres zohr\u00e1va d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fa rolu pri v\u00fdskyte zranen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 5. Rozcvi\u010dka- tento bod sa m\u00f4\u017ee niektor\u00fdm zda\u0165 ako zbyto\u010dn\u00fd, av\u0161ak je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 sa pred fyzick\u00fdm v\u00fdkonom zohria\u0165 a pripravi\u0165 svaly, v\u00e4zy \u010di k\u013aby na pohyb. Zabezpe\u010d\u00edme t\u00fdm lep\u0161\u00ed prietok krvi, \u010di zv\u00fd\u0161ime svalov\u00fa koordin\u00e1ciu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hoci rupt\u00fare ACL nedok\u00e1\u017eeme 100% predch\u00e1dza\u0165, no dok\u00e1\u017eeme pomocou v\u00fdsledkov z n\u00e1\u0161ho genetick\u00e9ho testovania zisti\u0165, \u010di je na\u0161e riziko zranenia vy\u0161\u0161ie. V kombin\u00e1ci\u00ed s kvalitn\u00fdm tr\u00e9ningom a s jednotliv\u00fdmi postupmi zameran\u00fdmi na prevenciu, sa m\u00f4\u017eeme pok\u00fasi\u0165 vyvarova\u0165 tomuto zraneniu, a to do \u010do najvy\u0161\u0161ej mo\u017enej miery. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Bc. Jessica Zatlkajov\u00e1 <\/p>\n\n\n\n Fyzioterapeutka, Alpha Fyzio<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Rupt\u00fara predn\u00e9ho skr\u00ed\u017een\u00e9ho v\u00e4zu (ACL) je jedno z naj\u010dastej\u0161\u00edch traumatick\u00fdch poranen\u00ed v oblasti kolenn\u00e9ho k\u013abu. V USA sa jedn\u00e1 a\u017e o 250 000 \u00farazov behom jedn\u00e9ho roka. Najnov\u0161ie \u0161t\u00fadie n\u00e1m ukazuj\u00fa, \u017ee rupt\u00fara ACL ve\u013emi \u00fazko s\u00favis\u00ed na\u0161ou genetikou a to a\u017e do 69 %. Pokia\u013e v\u00e1s zauj\u00edma ako je to mo\u017en\u00e9 a ako sa […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":1385366,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[60,108,63],"place-taxonomy":[],"class_list":["post-1385371","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized-sk","tag-genetika","tag-sport","tag-zaujimavosti"],"acf":[],"views":395,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1385371","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1385371"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1385371\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1387650,"href":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1385371\/revisions\/1387650"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1385366"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1385371"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1385371"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1385371"},{"taxonomy":"place-taxonomy","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/place-taxonomy?post=1385371"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}