{"id":1378908,"date":"2023-09-19T15:25:47","date_gmt":"2023-09-19T13:25:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/?p=1378908"},"modified":"2023-11-15T10:20:47","modified_gmt":"2023-11-15T09:20:47","slug":"ako-pomaha-genetika-hubarom-pred-otravou","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/blog\/ako-pomaha-genetika-hubarom-pred-otravou\/","title":{"rendered":"Ako pom\u00e1ha genetika hub\u00e1rom pred otravou?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Asi najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm stra\u0161iakom pr\u00edle\u017eitostn\u00fdch, ale aj sk\u00fasen\u00fdch hub\u00e1rov, je muchotr\u00e1vka zelen\u00e1 (Amanita phalloides). Predstavuje jednu z najjedovatej\u0161\u00edch h\u00fab na svete a naj\u010dastej\u0161iu pr\u00ed\u010dinu \u00famrt\u00ed po konzum\u00e1cii h\u00fab. Za hlavn\u00fd toxick\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinok tejto huby je zodpovedn\u00fd \u03b1-amanit\u00edn. <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010co je to \u0251-amanit\u00edn?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0251-amanit\u00edn je tox\u00edn, ktor\u00fd blokuje \u010dinnos\u0165 enz\u00fdmu RNA polymer\u00e1za II. Tento enz\u00fdm zohr\u00e1va k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fa \u00falohu v tvorbe bielkov\u00edn, na z\u00e1klade in\u0161trukcie zap\u00edsanej v DNA. Ak chce bunka vytvori\u0165 bielkovinu, mus\u00ed inform\u00e1ciu z DNA najprv prep\u00edsa\u0165 do in\u00e9ho do\u010dasn\u00e9ho k\u00f3du – mRNA. N\u00e1sledne je t\u00e1to do\u010dasn\u00e1 inform\u00e1cia v podobe mRNA prelo\u017een\u00e1 do poradia aminokysel\u00edn, ktor\u00e9 vytvoria \u017eelan\u00fa bielkovinu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010co sa deje ke\u010f zjete muchotr\u00e1vku zelen\u00fa?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Po konzum\u00e1cii muchotr\u00e1vky zelenej prest\u00e1va fungova\u0165 RNA polymer\u00e1za II, netvor\u00ed sa mRNA a n\u00e1sledne ani bielkoviny. V\u0161etky tieto procesy s\u00fa nevyhnutn\u00e9 pre \u017eivot buniek, ktor\u00e9 za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00fa postupne odumiera\u0165. Najcitlivej\u0161ia na otravu muchotr\u00e1vkou zelenou je pr\u00e1ve pe\u010de\u0148, ktorej stupe\u0148 po\u0161kodenia v\u00fdrazne ovplyv\u0148uje \u0161ance na pre\u017eitie. <\/strong>Tox\u00edn \u0251-amanit\u00edn je tepelne stabiln\u00fd a teda zost\u00e1va \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd aj po tepelnej pr\u00edprave muchotr\u00e1vky. Lie\u010dba tejto otravy je bohu\u017eia\u013e nesmierne komplikovan\u00e1 a pomerne neefekt\u00edvna. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u010co n\u00e1s \u010dak\u00e1 v bud\u00facnosti?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

V bl\u00edzkej bud\u00facnosti v\u0161ak m\u00f4\u017ee otr\u00e1ven\u00fdm hub\u00e1rom pom\u00f4c\u0165 pr\u00e1ve genetika. V m\u00e1ji 2023 vy\u0161iel v prest\u00ed\u017enom \u010dasopise Nature Communications \u010dl\u00e1nok, ktor\u00e9ho v\u00fdsledkom bol objav potenci\u00e1lnej protil\u00e1tky. V prvom rade autori h\u013eadali g\u00e9n, ktor\u00e9ho vyradenie by viedlo k tomu, \u017ee sa bunky stan\u00fa rezistentn\u00fdmi na tox\u00edn. Pomocou met\u00f3dy CRISPR\/Cas9 sa im podarilo identifikova\u0165 g\u00e9n STT3B, ktor\u00fd je nevyhnutn\u00fd na prechod tox\u00ednu do buniek. Bunky, ktor\u00fdm tak\u00fdto g\u00e9n vyradili, sa stali odolnej\u0161ie vo\u010di \u0251-amanit\u00ednu. Ke\u010f\u017ee je \u00faprava g\u00e9nov po po\u017eit\u00ed muchotr\u00e1vky prinajmen\u0161om nepraktick\u00e1, v \u010fal\u0161om kroku sa zamerali na h\u013eadanie lie\u010diva, ktor\u00e9 blokuje proces, do ktor\u00e9ho sa zap\u00e1ja g\u00e9n STT3B. Podarilo sa im identifikova\u0165 zauj\u00edmav\u00e9 lie\u010divo ICG (indocyan\u00ednov\u00e1 zele\u0148), ktor\u00e9 bolo p\u00f4vodne vyn\u00e1jden\u00e9 spolo\u010dnos\u0165ou Kodak ako farbivo. Testy uk\u00e1zali, \u017ee podanie tohto lie\u010diva spolu s tox\u00ednom my\u0161iam, malo v\u00fdrazn\u00fd pozit\u00edvny vplyv na ochranu ich pe\u010dene, a teda aj pre\u017e\u00edvanie. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dobrou spr\u00e1vou je, \u017ee ICG sa u\u017e desa\u0165ro\u010dia pou\u017e\u00edva v medic\u00edne, \u010do v\u00fdznamne ur\u00fdchli \u010fal\u0161\u00ed klinick\u00fd v\u00fdskum. St\u00e1le je v\u0161ak k\u013eu\u010dov\u00e1 doba podania tejto protil\u00e1tky. Preto, ke\u010f sa chyst\u00e1te na huby, bu\u010fte obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 obozretn\u00ed. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Spoznajte svoje g\u00e9ny aj vy<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

G\u00e9ny v\u00e1m o v\u00e1s vedia poveda\u0165 ve\u013ea zauj\u00edmav\u00fdch inform\u00e1ci\u00ed. Na ak\u00e9 zdravotn\u00e9 rizik\u00e1 ste n\u00e1chylnej\u0161\u00ed? Ako va\u0161e telo metabolizuje lie\u010div\u00e1? Na ak\u00fd \u0161port m\u00e1te genetick\u00fa predispoz\u00edciu? Pozrite si vzorov\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky anal\u00fdzy DNA v DEMO \u00fa\u010dte.<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zdroje: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0278-6915(15)30059-4<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK431052\/<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41467-023-37714-3<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Zdroje fotografi\u00ed: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    1. https:\/\/www.freepik.com\/free-photo\/closeup-shot-wild-mushrooms_20495409.htm#query=toadstool%20green&position=3&from_view=search&track=ais<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n
    2. https:\/\/www.freepik.com\/free-photo\/happy-proud-picker-man-traditional-blue-wool-sweater-with-ornaments-stands-camping-ground-mountains-holds-arms-pile-delicious-organic-mushrooms_11254008.htm#query=mushroom%20picker&position=31&from_view=search&track=ais<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Asi najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm stra\u0161iakom pr\u00edle\u017eitostn\u00fdch, ale aj sk\u00fasen\u00fdch hub\u00e1rov, je muchotr\u00e1vka zelen\u00e1 (Amanita phalloides). Predstavuje jednu z najjedovatej\u0161\u00edch h\u00fab na svete a naj\u010dastej\u0161iu pr\u00ed\u010dinu \u00famrt\u00ed po konzum\u00e1cii h\u00fab. Za hlavn\u00fd toxick\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinok tejto huby je zodpovedn\u00fd \u03b1-amanit\u00edn.  \u010co je to \u0251-amanit\u00edn? \u0251-amanit\u00edn je tox\u00edn, ktor\u00fd blokuje \u010dinnos\u0165 enz\u00fdmu RNA polymer\u00e1za II. Tento enz\u00fdm zohr\u00e1va k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fa \u00falohu […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":1378911,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[60,63],"place-taxonomy":[],"class_list":["post-1378908","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized-sk","tag-genetika","tag-zaujimavosti"],"acf":[],"views":356,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1378908","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1378908"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1378908\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1378914,"href":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1378908\/revisions\/1378914"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1378911"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1378908"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1378908"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1378908"},{"taxonomy":"place-taxonomy","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/place-taxonomy?post=1378908"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}