{"id":1378467,"date":"2023-08-14T08:58:07","date_gmt":"2023-08-14T06:58:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/?p=1378467"},"modified":"2025-04-30T14:58:29","modified_gmt":"2025-04-30T12:58:29","slug":"alzheimerova-choroba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/blog\/alzheimerova-choroba\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u010dasn\u00e9mu odhaleniu Alzheimerovej choroby m\u00f4\u017ee pom\u00f4c\u0165 aj anal\u00fdza DNA"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Alzheimerova choroba predstavuje naj\u010dastej\u0161\u00ed typ demencie. Prejavuje sa ako postupn\u00e9 zhor\u0161ovanie pam\u00e4te, myslenia, spr\u00e1vania sa \u010di spolo\u010densk\u00fdch zru\u010dnost\u00ed. Prvotn\u00e9 pr\u00edznaky s\u00fa sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 pr\u00e1ve t\u00fdm, \u017ee spo\u010diatku je postihnut\u00e1  \u010das\u0165 mozgu, ktor\u00e1 zabezpe\u010duje ukladanie spomienok. Mozgov\u00e9 bunky odumieraj\u00fa a mozog sa postupne zmen\u0161uje, pri\u010dom sa spom\u00ednan\u00e9 pr\u00edznaky \u010dasom zhor\u0161uj\u00fa. Pre\u010d\u00edtajte si 5 faktov o Alzheimerovej chorobe, ktorej vznik ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa aj genetick\u00e9 predispoz\u00edcie.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Prv\u00e9 pop\u00edsanie Alzheimerovej choroby<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Alzheimerovu chorobu prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t pop\u00edsal doktor Alois Alzheimer v roku 1906, ktor\u00fd \u0161tudoval mozog pacientky s nezvy\u010dajnou du\u0161evnou poruchou. T\u00e1 sa prejavovala ako strata pam\u00e4te, re\u010dov\u00fdmi probl\u00e9mami a nepredv\u00eddate\u013en\u00fdm spr\u00e1van\u00edm. V jej mozgu na\u0161iel pri pitve ve\u013ea nezvy\u010dajn\u00fdch zhlukov (teraz naz\u00fdvan\u00fdch amyloidn\u00e9 plaky) a zamotan\u00fdch zv\u00e4zkov vl\u00e1kien (teraz naz\u00fdvan\u00fdch neurofibril\u00e1rne alebo tau zv\u00e4zky). Tieto zmeny sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 nahromaden\u00edm prote\u00ednov sa dnes pova\u017euj\u00fa za pr\u00ed\u010dinu vzniku Alzheimerovej choroby. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Celosvetovo \u0148ou trp\u00ed a\u017e 57 mili\u00f3nov \u013eud\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Celosvetovo trp\u00ed Alzheimerovou chorobou pribli\u017ene 57 mili\u00f3nov \u013eud\u00ed a o\u010dak\u00e1va sa, \u017ee do roku 2050 sa toto \u010d\u00edslo a\u017e strojn\u00e1sob\u00ed. Aj preto je Alzheimerova choroba predmetom intenz\u00edvneho \u0161t\u00fadia mnoh\u00fdch vedeck\u00fdch t\u00edmov po celom svete.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Be\u017en\u00e9 rizikov\u00e9 varianty, ktor\u00e9 ved\u00fa k riziku rozvoja ochorenia<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Vedci odhalili u\u017e nieko\u013eko desiatok g\u00e9nov, ktor\u00e9 prispievaj\u00fa k riziku rozvoja Alzheimerovej choroby. Medzi najlep\u0161ie pre\u0161tudovan\u00e9 patr\u00ed g\u00e9n APOE, ktor\u00fd sa podie\u013ea na tvorbe prote\u00ednov, ktor\u00e9 v tele pren\u00e1\u0161aj\u00fa cholesterol. R\u00f4zne varianty tohto g\u00e9nu maj\u00fa odli\u0161n\u00fd vplyv na riziko tohto ochorenia. APOE \u03b52 <\/em>m\u00e1 napr\u00edklad protekt\u00edvny vplyv, zatia\u013e \u010do APOE \u03b54 <\/em>zvy\u0161uje riziko rozvoja Alzheimerovej choroby. Jednu k\u00f3piu APOE \u03b54 <\/em>si nesie 15  – 25 % \u013eud\u00ed, zatia\u013e \u010do 2 tak\u00e9to k\u00f3pie m\u00e1 vo svojej DNA 2 – 5 % \u013eud\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

4. Prevencia m\u00e1 v\u00fdznamn\u00fd vplyv na zn\u00ed\u017eenie celkov\u00e9ho rizika rozvoja aj pri vy\u0161\u0161om genetickom riziku<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Poznanie genetickej predispoz\u00edcie je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9, ale nie je to definit\u00edvny rozsudok. \u0160t\u00fadia z roku 2019, ktor\u00e1 sledovala takmer 200 tis\u00edc \u013eud\u00ed eur\u00f3pskeho p\u00f4vodu, uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee dodr\u017eiavanie z\u00e1sad zdrav\u00e9ho \u017eivotn\u00e9ho \u0161t\u00fdlu viedlo u \u013eud\u00ed so zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdm genetick\u00fdm rizikom k poklesu celkov\u00e9ho rizika rozvoja tohto ochorenia. Medzi hodnoten\u00e9 faktory \u017eivotn\u00e9ho \u0161t\u00fdlu patrilo faj\u010denie, strava, konzum\u00e1cia alkoholu, fyzick\u00e1 aktivita a venovanie sa aktivit\u00e1m, ktor\u00e9 podporuj\u00fa \u010dinnos\u0165 mozgu ako \u010d\u00edtanie, sk\u00fa\u0161anie nov\u00fdch aktiv\u00edt alebo udr\u017eiavanie akt\u00edvneho spolo\u010densk\u00e9ho \u017eivota. Prevent\u00edvny vplyv m\u00e1 tie\u017e dodr\u017eiavanie stredomorskej di\u00e9ty, predch\u00e1dzanie rozvoju srdcovo-cievnych ochoren\u00ed, pravideln\u00e1 \u0161portov\u00e1 aktivita \u010di stimul\u00e1cia mozgu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. Rozpoznanie ochorenia a lie\u010dba sa pos\u00favaj\u00fa dopredu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ve\u013ek\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 v\u00fdskumu sa dnes venuje najm\u00e4 sp\u00f4sobom, ak\u00fdmi je mo\u017en\u00e9 identifikova\u0165 Alzheimerovu chorobu v \u010do najskor\u0161\u00edch \u0161t\u00e1di\u00e1ch. Zauj\u00edmav\u00e1 \u0161t\u00fadia napr\u00edklad uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee nositelia rizikovej formy APOE mali vo veku 65 rokov zhor\u0161en\u00fa schopnos\u0165 rozozn\u00e1va\u0165 pachy. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 sa u nich po nieko\u013ek\u00fdch rokoch objavovali aj kognit\u00edvne probl\u00e9my. To zna\u010d\u00ed, \u017ee zl\u00e1 schopnos\u0165 rozozn\u00e1va\u0165 pachy m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 skor\u00fdm ukazovate\u013eom pre rozvoj Alzheimerovej choroby u nosite\u013eov APOE \u03b54. Objavuj\u00fa sa tie\u017e testy, ktor\u00e9 v kvapke krvi sleduj\u00fa biomarkery tohto ochorenia a ich presnos\u0165 sa ukazuje a\u017e na 85 %. V hre je dokonca aj v\u00fdvoj vakc\u00edny, ktor\u00e1 bola doposia\u013e testovan\u00e1 na my\u0161om modeli tohto ochorenia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fdsledok n\u00e1jdete v roz\u0161\u00edren\u00ed Mental Health<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Roz\u0161\u00edrenie Mental Health<\/a> je dostupn\u00e9 pre v\u0161etk\u00fdch aktu\u00e1lnych z\u00e1kazn\u00edkov s ktor\u00fdmko\u013evek testom. V\u00fdsledky n\u00e1jdete vo svojom \u00fa\u010dte<\/a> hne\u010f po \u00faspe\u0161nej objedn\u00e1vke, bez potreby opakova\u0165 odber vzorky sl\u00edn. Zistite o sebe viac a urobte prevent\u00edvne kroky smeruj\u00face k zdrav\u0161iemu \u017eivotn\u00e9mu \u0161t\u00fdlu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zdroje: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/aging\/aginginfo\/alzheimers.htm#:~:text=Alzheimer’s%20disease%20is%20the%20most,thought%2C%20memory%2C%20and%20language<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. https:\/\/www.alzint.org\/news-events\/news\/new-data-predicts-the-number-of-people-living-with-alzheimers-disease-to-triple-by-2050\/<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. Lourida, I., Hannon, E., Littlejohns, T. J., Langa, K. M., Hypp\u00f6nen, E., Ku\u017ama, E., & Llewellyn, D. J. (2019). Association of lifestyle and genetic risk with incidence of dementia. Jama, 322(5), 430-437.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. https:\/\/www.nia.nih.gov\/health\/alzheimers-disease-fact-sheet<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  5. https:\/\/www.nia.nih.gov\/health\/alzheimers-disease-genetics-fact-sheet#:~:text=APOE%20%CE%B54%20increases%20risk%20for,to%205%25%20carry%20two%20copies<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  6. https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/can-novel-alzheimers-vaccine-prevent-or-treat-disease<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  7. https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/alzheimers-genetic-risk-losing-sense-of-smell-early-sign-of-disease#Could-losing-sense-of-smell-be-an-early-sign-of-Alzheimers<\/a>?<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  8. https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/a-finger-prick-test-may-help-detect-alzheimers-disease-earlier#A-cheaper-and-quicker-way-to-diagnose<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Zdroje fotografi\u00ed:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    1. https:\/\/www.freepik.com\/free-photo\/elderly-man-confronting-alzheimer-disease_16518589.htm#query=alzheimer&position=18&from_view=search&track=sph<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Alzheimerova choroba predstavuje naj\u010dastej\u0161\u00ed typ demencie. Prejavuje sa ako postupn\u00e9 zhor\u0161ovanie pam\u00e4te, myslenia, spr\u00e1vania sa \u010di spolo\u010densk\u00fdch zru\u010dnost\u00ed. Prvotn\u00e9 pr\u00edznaky s\u00fa sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 pr\u00e1ve t\u00fdm, \u017ee spo\u010diatku je postihnut\u00e1  \u010das\u0165 mozgu, ktor\u00e1 zabezpe\u010duje ukladanie spomienok. Mozgov\u00e9 bunky odumieraj\u00fa a mozog sa postupne zmen\u0161uje, pri\u010dom sa spom\u00ednan\u00e9 pr\u00edznaky \u010dasom zhor\u0161uj\u00fa. Pre\u010d\u00edtajte si 5 faktov o Alzheimerovej chorobe, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":1378471,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[58,59],"place-taxonomy":[],"class_list":["post-1378467","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized-sk","tag-dna-analyza","tag-dna-test"],"acf":[],"views":4202,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1378467","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1378467"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1378467\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1410430,"href":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1378467\/revisions\/1410430"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1378471"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1378467"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1378467"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1378467"},{"taxonomy":"place-taxonomy","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dnaera.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/place-taxonomy?post=1378467"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}